There are many types of mushrooms in the world, some of which are edible and used for food, but there are also poisonous mushrooms. If you eat these poisonous mushrooms, you will damage the nervous system, liver, kidneys, ... or even cause death. Let's join Toplist to discover the mushrooms that are known as the most poisonous in the world to be able to avoid unfortunate consequences.
Fly Agaric (Fly Agaric)
Flying Agaric Mushroom (Amanita muscaria) is a mushroom with an eye-catching appearance, which looks like the mushrooms in a fairy tale. Considered the most iconic parachute mushroom, the fly-killing canopy mushroom is a large fungus with white rayed leaves, usually with a red cap with white spots, and is one of the most recognizable and widely known in folklore. Mushrooms often grow under damp, rotting canopy. However, this is one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world, the toxins contained in the mushroom are Muscinol and Ibotenic Acid. Substances capable of acting on the central nervous system cause nausea, alternating drowsiness, agitation, ... and can also cause hallucinations. In particular, for people with cardiovascular disease, eating this mushroom can be fatal.
Although it is generally considered a poisonous mushroom, deaths from ingestion of this mushroom are rare and after a short boil to reduce toxicity and degrade psychotropic substances it can be consumed as a food in some areas in Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is known today for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive components being compounds of ibotenic acid and muscimol. It was used by the peoples of Siberia as an intoxicant and stimulant, with religious significance in these cultures.
Mushroom angel wings
Despite its beautiful name, angel wing mushrooms are poisonous and dangerous mushrooms that have killed dozens of people. Angel wings mushroom has the scientific name Pleurocybella Porrigens, the reason the mushroom is so named because according to many people, when you eat this mushroom you have the ability to turn into an angel, your soul goes to heaven forever. Angel wings mushrooms are ivory white and can grow to the size of a hand. However, before being listed as the most poisonous mushrooms in the world, this was once considered a food. It was not until 17 people died out of 60 Japanese people who were poisoned from eating them in 2004 that the mushroom was recommended as a poisonous mushroom.
Angel wings mushrooms live in humid places and currently scientists have not been able to identify the toxins of this fungus. However, it is more likely that angel wings mushrooms contain high levels of cyanide. In the past, angel wings mushrooms were once considered a food called Sugihiratake in Japan. Few people think that mushrooms with a normal appearance like other edible mushrooms can contain such terrible toxins.
Deadly Dapperling Mushroom
Deadly Dapperling mushroom, scientific name Lepiota brunneoincarnata, is a species of lamellar fungus in the genus Lepiota, order Agaricales. This fungus is widely distributed in Europe and eastern temperate regions of Asia such as China, it grows in grassy areas such as fields, parks and gardens and is often confused with the fungus. can eat. Mushrooms with caps are brown and up to 4 cm wide with pinkish-brown stems and white plates. The Deadly Dapperling mushroom is very toxic, with several deaths reported because of its resemblance to the edible gray fungus Tricholoma terreum and Marasmius oreades. This is a type of mushroom that contains Amatoxin - a substance capable of causing 80-90% of deaths due to mushroom poisoning.
The deadly dapperling mushroom is known to contain lethal amounts of alpha-amanitin and this caused a fatal poisoning in Spain in 2002 and subsequent deaths of four young members of the same family. in Tunisia in 2010. A survivor after eating these 5 mushrooms along with shiitake mushrooms in Kaynarca, Sakarya, Turkey in 2013. Initial symptoms of poisoning related to the digestive system, with symptoms of nausea and vomiting about ten hours after consumption, followed by liver damage several days later. 100 g of Lepiota brunneoincarnata can lead to severe liver damage.
Mushroom of the hand of death
The death hand mushroom has the scientific name Podostroma Cornu Damae, the reason for this name is because the shape of the mushroom is very similar to a human hand emerging from the ground and when eaten can be fatal. The main toxin in this mushroom is Mycotoxin trichothecene - a compound that causes unpleasant symptoms and leads to death after a few days. This poison affects all parts of the body, but mainly the liver, kidneys, brain, ... depleting blood cells, making the victim look like radiation poisoning or leukemia.
This mushroom also has other names such as "finger of the dead", "finger of death", "rotten finger" ... This is not a mushroom to eat, because it contains a lot of toxins that are harmful to the body. human. It grows everywhere, deep in the forest to people's homes. Spring is the best time for this fungus to grow. This is the only mushroom that can poison humans as soon as you touch it, according to Science Alert. Usually found on plant roots or in soil, this fungus produces at least eight types of toxic compounds that can be absorbed directly through the skin. Due to lack of proper treatment, many deaths have been recorded. In particular, many people confuse this mushroom with an edible mushroom, used to put in tea.
Mushroom Conocybe Filaris
Conocybe filaris, scientifically known as Pholiotina rugosa, in Vietnamese, is a grass fungus, is one of the apparently non-hazardous looking weedy mushrooms native to the Pacific region of the Northwestern United States. If you eat this mushroom, the Amatoxin in the mushroom will cause the victim to have symptoms of nausea, abdominal pain, then liver failure and death. People often confuse Conocybe Filaris with magic mushrooms (Psilocybes). If this mushroom is ingested, the victim will suffer severe and irreversible liver damage.
After eating mushrooms about 6-24 hours, symptoms of poisoning will appear, starting from the digestive system, so it is easy to misdiagnose as food poisoning or stomach flu. After mushroom poisoning, the patient can recover, but often relapses life-threatening digestive dysfunction, liver failure, and kidney failure. They contain mycotoxins (mycotoxins) similar to Death Cap, which can be fatal to humans. It is because of this that Conocybe Filaris mushrooms are listed as the most poisonous mushrooms in the world.
Webcap mushrooms
Webcap mushroom has the scientific name Cortinarius rubbellus, this is one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world because just ingesting a small amount or just tasting it and spitting it out is enough to cause death. Orellanine in mushrooms is a powerful toxin that directly affects the kidneys and currently has no antidote. If you are lucky enough to escape death when you eat this mushroom, you will have to go on dialysis for the rest of your life or have a kidney transplant. The whole mushroom has a light reddish brown color (cap, stalk, leaf rays and mushroom flesh). This fungus grows commonly in wooded areas or forests in Norway.
There are 02 species of webcap, deadly webcap (scientific name is Cortinarius rubbellus) and fool's webcap (scientific name is Cortinarius orellanus), Vietnamese often call these poisonous webcap mushrooms as deadly mushrooms. These Cortinarius species are very similar in appearance and include several edible varieties. The toxin in webcap mushrooms is orellanin. After ingestion, the initial symptoms of poisoning appear similar to those of the common flu and it may take 2 to 3 days for the silent symptoms of poisoning to appear, so it is easy to cause misdiagnosis. Finally, the toxin orellanin present in the webcap mushroom will cause kidney failure and lead to death if left untreated.
Autumn Skullcap
Autumn Skullcap mushroom (Scientific name Galerina marginata, Vietnamese name is autumn skullcap mushroom) is a fungus that often grows on dead tree trunks and is present all over the world, mainly It grows mainly in the Northern Hemisphere and some parts of Australia. Like many other poisonous mushrooms, this mushroom looks like a normal mushroom, can be used for food, but the Amatoxin inside it causes permanent damage to your liver, leading to liver failure and causing liver damage. out death.
Galerina marginata is a large, spiny, rotten fungus, meaning it grows on damp woody stems and causes the plant to rot. This mushroom has the same amatoxin toxicity as the death mushroom. When eating poisonous mushrooms, Autumn Skullcap can be poisoned with manifestations such as vomiting, diarrhea, hypothermia, liver damage and eventually death if not treated in time. Although the mushroom is not identical to other edible mushrooms, some deaths and poisonings from the fungus have been found to have been mistaken for the hallucinogenic Psilocybe.
False Morel Nấm Mushroom
False Morel mushroom with scientific name Gyromitra esculenta, shaped like a human brain, is one of the popular dishes in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. This is a poisonous mushroom that is quite special because if you eat it raw, you will lose your life, but if cooked properly, they will become a delicious dish. The toxin in mushrooms is Gyromitrin, when entering the human body, it will convert to Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) - a substance that affects the liver, nervous system and kidneys. Victims will have common symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, headache, dizziness and may fall into a deep coma and die after a week.
False Morel is a fungus that contains the toxin and carcinogen gyromitrin. Therefore, in many countries it is illegal to sell and cook this mushroom. This mushroom is so poisonous that it is not recommended to keep fresh mushrooms in tight spaces such as cars or poorly ventilated rooms because headaches and nausea have been reported due to the toxin secreted in this mushroom. when they are placed in the vehicle. The sale of this mushroom in some countries such as Sweden and Norway has been illegal for many years, but in Finland it is available in popular restaurants and even canned in supermarkets. Particularly for fresh mushrooms, there will be strict regulations when selling, from packaging to processing instructions.
Destroying Angels
The name meaning "this angel of destruction" is actually the common name for many types of white mushrooms in the Amanita strain. They have a shape quite similar to fat mushrooms or grassland mushrooms that many people mistakenly pick. Amanita ocreata, the English name includes death angel, destroying angel, is a poisonous mushroom. It is one of many species in the genus Amanita. Found in the Pacific Northwest and the California Botanical Province in North America, A. ocreata is symbiotic with oak trees. The fruiting bodies usually appear in spring, the caps can be white or yellow-brown and often develop a brownish color in the center, while other parts are white.
Destroying Angels belongs to the family Amanitaceae, is an extremely poisonous mushroom capable of completely destroying the body with Amatoxin toxins. Toxins entering the body will cause initial symptoms such as cramps, abdominal pain, delirium, convulsions, vomiting and diarrhea, then when absorbed will cause permanent damage to the kidneys and kidneys. especially liver cells. The only way to save the poisoned person is a liver transplant and dialysis. They have similar toxicity to A. phalloides, A. virosa and A. bisporigera, which is a potentially deadly fungus that has caused several poisoning cases in California.
Death Cap (Death Cap)
Death Cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides) is the culprit in the majority of deaths caused by accidental mushroom ingestion or intentional poisoning. This mushroom is native to Europe, often grows underneath oak trees in the forest and resembles many edible mushrooms, causing confusion. It is estimated that just 30g of this poison is enough to kill an adult human. It should be noted that even when cooked, dried or frozen, the toxicity of this mushroom does not change. Most of the deaths are caused by victims confusing this poisonous mushroom with some edible mushroom that people often consume.
Death cap mushrooms contain a toxin called α-amanitin (amatoxin) that can cause liver and kidney damage that cannot be reversed and treated. Just 30 grams of the toxin α-amanitin contained in half a mushroom is enough to kill an adult. Their toxicity is almost unchanged when cooked, dried or frozen.. Therefore, death cap mushrooms are also used in some cases of intentional poisoning. Here's how to identify this deadly mushroom: The underside of the mushroom cap has many white rayed leaves. Covered legs. Has a rose-like scent. Mushroom caps are pale yellow or olive in color. The mushroom neck looks like a ring.…
Above are the most poisonous mushrooms in the world and Toplist advises you to be careful with colorful, eye-catching mushrooms, mushrooms of unknown origin to avoid the risk of poisoning. If you eat these poisonous mushrooms, you will suffer damage to the nervous system, liver, kidneys ... or even death.
